一、太阳之为病,脉浮,头项强痛而恶寒
《伤寒杂病论》为东汉张仲景所著，是中医经典著作，分《伤寒论》与《金匮要略》两部分，前者主攻外感热病，后者专论内科杂病，系统构建了中医辨证论治体系，被尊为 “医方之祖”。
倪海厦作为当代知名中医，擅长以通俗语言解读《伤寒杂病论》。他摒弃晦涩理论阐释，结合大量临床案例，拆解书中经方的配伍逻辑与适用场景，将 “六经辨证” 等核心思想转化为易懂内容，让学习者能快速掌握经方应用精髓，为中医经典传承与普及提供了重要助力。
需要倪海厦老师《伤寒论》讲义全文电子版的，请在评论区留言！
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对于太阳,可以代表经络中的太阳经,也可以代表全体阴阳状态的太阳。八纲辨症中表里的“表”,在这里指的就是太阳。太阳为寒水 所以常人皮肤表面是冰凉的,手脚是温热的,体表有这太阳的寒水,可以保卫我们不受外界寒热的影响,调节体温。这寒水不是停滞的,是不断的代谢更新的。
张仲景的观念：人身体很虚弱的时候,就是体力不够,免疫系统较差的时候,平常素体虚弱,本身就很虚弱的人,它的原因就是肠胃不好,因为肠胃是后天之本,有一天突然感冒,风寒一进来,免疫系统马上出去相抗,因为风寒从表面进来,所以免疫系统一抗,一定是在表面上堵到,在皮肤表面上抗争,所以摸到的脉是浮脉,浮在表面上。何谓浮？手指头轻轻的碰,就摸到脉就是浮脉,所以病人有感冒表证的时候,摸到的脉就是浮脉。为什么在表？因为血里面的免疫系统在表上和滤过性病毒相抗产生的现象,所以第一个症状叫作脉浮,就是脉会浮出来,人平常不会脉浮的。为什么有的人常年不感冒？因为他肠胃好,所以后面治疗的方剂都是从肠胃下手的,西医说感冒是滤过性病毒引起的,西医的药物学说,滤过性病毒没有抗生素可以杀它,但是感冒的时候,西医开抗生素的药,来增加抵抗力,抗生素下到胃里面,肠胃第一个受到损害,本来就是肠胃不好,才会表不固,才会抵抗力差,才会得到感冒,所以西药吃下去,肠胃会越来越差。
张仲景的脉法,最常用的就是浮沉迟数,浮脉与数脉是阳,沉脉与迟脉是阴。在针灸学中教过,浮脉就是轻轻地摸在皮肤表面就摸到脉。初病如果脉是浮脉,或加上一点“大”“动”、“滑”、“数”,这是阳脉,代表阳病；若病久了,变成沉脉,或加上一点“涩”、“微”、“弱”、“弦”这是阴脉,代表阴病；就是病势在进、在恶化中。若反之,原来是阴脉,后来变成阳脉,则是病势在退,在恢复中。正常人的脉是“不浮、不沉、不迟、不数”,就是常脉。
张仲景的脉诊只是辅助,望闻问切中,有些中医若单用切法只是巧匠、下工,结果开药方出来七、八十味药,这不是正统中医,治不好病。张仲景很擅长于望诊、闻诊、问诊,不是只有诊脉,因此不需要把脉法分的很细。
张仲景的观念中,认为阳有病、不可以看到阴脉,有病当见阳脉。只有经方的力量,才可以很快地把阴脉的病,才几天就变成阳脉。在一些感冒或者心脏病的案例,常常会看到这样的情形。为什么头项强痛而恶寒,人身上的穴道,风池、风府、风门,都在背后,后脑是受风的地方,所以有一句话说“神仙也怕脑后风”,不要脸对着冷气孔吹,第二天会面部中风口歪眼斜,脖子后面对着吹,第二天项脖子强硬,因为这个地方就像免疫系统的开关一样,这地方一受到寒,温度就低,温度低,寒则缩,缩则血管、神经就被绑到了,血管变小了,血过不去,病人就会感到酸痛,痛在皮肤表面,在经络学上可以看到。张仲景当年虽然不知道有冷气,但是处方是一样的,理论是一样的,所以经方还是能够通用。为什么恶寒怕冷？恶寒就是一直发抖,因为人身上的水道系统,皮肤表面上都有一层水气在上面,人身上的汗水,是经过汗腺到皮肤毛孔的,如果汗水已经离开汗腺了,但是还没到皮肤毛孔,这时突然碰到表寒,毛孔都闭起来,水出不去,只好停在皮下,水一离开汗腺,汗水就变成冰的,所以会有恶寒的现象。
只要出现脉浮,头项强痛而恶寒这些症状,就是太阳证。我们不管他里面是什么病不管是肺癌、肝癌,就以太阳证来处方用药就对了。如果病人原来是厥阴病,治疗了以后,最后变成太阳证,就是快好了。如果反过来,太阳证的病人,治疗后变成厥阴证,你当医生的就要反省检讨了。
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《伤寒杂病论》为东汉张仲景所著，是中医经典著作，分《伤寒论》与《金匮要略》两部分，前者主攻外感热病，后者专论内科杂病，系统构建了中医辨证论治体系，被尊为 “医方之祖”。
倪海厦作为当代知名中医，擅长以通俗语言解读《伤寒杂病论》。他摒弃晦涩理论阐释，结合大量临床案例，拆解书中经方的配伍逻辑与适用场景，将 “六经辨证” 等核心思想转化为易懂内容，让学习者能快速掌握经方应用精髓，为中医经典传承与普及提供了重要助力。
需要倪海厦老师《伤寒论》讲义全文电子版的，请在评论区留言！
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